The amount of digital visual data (image, video and 3D object) has increased rapidly on the Internet. Image, video and 3D object security becomes increasingly important for many applications, e.g., confidential transmission, video surveillance, military and medical applications. For example, the necessity of fast and secure diagnosis is vital in the medical world. Nowadays, the transmission of visual data is a daily routine and it is necessary to find an efficient way to transmit them over networks. Two main groups of technologies have been developed for this purpose. The first one is based on content protection through encryption. In this group, proper decryption of data requires a key. The second group bases the protection on digital watermarking or data hiding, aimed at secretly embedding a message into the data. In order to not increase the processing time, these two approaches must be combined with the compression stage. Nowadays, the challenge is to perform simultaneously for example image encryption and compression.